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Bulgaria is a country located in Southeast Europe, bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Kosovo to the west, North Macedonia to the southwest, and Greece and Turkey to the south. It has a total land area of about 42,000 square miles, and is home to a diverse population with a variety of different ethnic and cultural groups. Bulgaria has a rich history and culture, with a unique blend of Slavic, Eastern European, and Ottoman influences.

The history of Bulgaria dates back to ancient times, and the country has been inhabited by a variety of different cultures over the centuries. In the 19th century, Bulgaria gained its independence from the Ottoman Empire, and today it is a parliamentary democracy with a president and parliament.

Bulgaria is known for its stunning natural beauty, with a varied landscape ranging from the Black Sea coast in the east to the Rhodope Mountains in the west. The country is home to a number of protected areas, including the Pirin National Park, which is home to a variety of plant and animal species, and the Rila Monastery, which is home to a number of historic ruins and landmarks.

The culture of Bulgaria is a blend of Slavic, Eastern European, and Ottoman influences, with the official language of the country being Bulgarian. The majority of the population is Orthodox Christian, but there are also significant Muslim and Catholic communities. Bulgaria is known for its rich cultural heritage, including its music, dance, literature, and art.